Velvet or tapestry carpet fabric



July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,356

VELVET OR TAPES'IRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 2 July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,75 6

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 3 III VENTOR Franz 14/6. Hoeselarz y 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 4 NVENTOR Franz 14 15. Haesedrfx$ ATTORNEYS y 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

' VELVET 'OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 5 y 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Shset 6 K a l .n'

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18 Sheets-Sheet 7 M3 AM M2 @M2 /4 A,- /42 )km mw W INVENTOR FEw/vz14415. #06654 54/? 71/ ATTORNEY July 17, 1956 F. W. E. HOESELBARTHVELVET OR TAPEISTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 8 /0/ o o o o ,06 O O 0 0 0 /06 56 15? 658 16/ s5 /0/ I54A75 #00 /6Z INVENTOR Franz 14461 fiaeseaa r54 y 7, 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBAIVQTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 9 $4 THREAD IN /0/ Q 0 No.|

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VELVET OR TAFESTRY CARPET FABRIC 1 Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheetl0 Origina INVENTOR FMA/z WEJIOESELEAIFTH ATTORNEYS y 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 11 INVENTOR HiAA/zWEJmfiELaA/PTH TORNEYS y 17, 1956 F. w.E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC 1 Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet12 Origin'a m m Z r Y Lin 7 L. In zt vi i July 17, 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC 1 Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheetl3 Origina win f INVENTOR Ema/z WE. 190551254??? July 17, 1956 F. w. E.HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 14 A I 7;- 124 Pat/K8 3 Packs Praor Ar 0 52 -2 241. A? 0Q09 GGQQ @9969 INVENTOR 0 Franz 14/5 Hoeaelarfli.

ATTORN EYS VELVET OR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 195018 Sheets-Sheet 15 INVENTOR Franz WE Haeselarzxi QR 8am. 1, Q2

ATTORNEY$ July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

riginal Filed June 12, 1950 y 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,856

VELVET QR TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original Filed June 12, 1950 18Sheets-Sheet 18 INVENTOR Franz WE Haeselfiamf BY m ATI'ORN EYS UnitedStates Patent VELVET R TAPESTRY CARPET FABRIC Original application JuneDivided and this rial No. 255,991

16 Claims. (Cl. 139-403) 12, 1950, Serial No. 167,534. applicationNovember 13, 1951, Se-

The present invention relates to patterned pile carpet produced on avelvet or .tapestry loom.

The present application is a division of my U. S. patent applicationSerial No. 167,534, filed June 12, 1950, for Velvet or Tapestry Weaveand Loom, which includes the process and apparatus.

A purpose of the invention is to make patterned pile carpet on a velvetloom using a plurality of pile warps, stuifer warps, binder warps andwefts, without employing a jacquard or other selective pattern device.

A further purpose is to Weave a plurality of different kinds of velvetcarpet in admixture to produce various pattern effects in the samefabric, for example cut and uncut, wavy and straight, high and low,plain twist and frieze.

A further purpose is to obtain a clean even back-of a patterned velvetcarpet without any evidence of the pile yarn on the back.

A further purpose is to 'lower the cost of producing patterned pilecarpet by keeping all of the pile at the face of the fabric, avoidingexcess pile in or. carried.througb the back as in jacquard weaves suchas 'Wilton, and in W weaves and according to U. S. Patent No. 2,073,227.

A further purpose is to accelerate the process of weaving patterned pilecarpet.

A further purpose is to raise a plurality of velvet carpet pile warpsover different types -of wires such as cutting and non-cutting, wavy andstraight, high and low, and wide and narrow.

A further purpose is to employ different characters of yarn in respectto materials, construction or color in different velvet carpet pilewarps.

A further purposeis toobtain stiffer fabric'by employing several stuiferwarp ends ata single dent or longitudinal line in a patterned velvetweave.

A further purpose is .to obtain a plurality of pile warps from a singlebeam.

A further purpose is to obtain desirable pattern or similar effects in avelvet carpet weave by employing unequal distribution-of pile warp endsin a pile warp and desirably in aplurality of pile warps, for'example,leaving ends-out at certain dents,--employing a plurality of pile warpends at certain vdents and employing :diiierent numbersuof pile warpends at different dents.

A further purpose is to utilize .a cooperative pattern thread-inarrangement-between two or more pile warps in a velvet carpet weave,for-example leaving ends-out at a particular dent in both pile warps,employing a plurality of ends at a particular dent inboth'pile warps,leaving ends-out'at a particular dent in (one pile warp and employing anend-in or aplurality of ends-in at the corresponding dent of the otherpile Warp, and interrelating the situation :regardingends-in andends-out in adjoining dents .of each or all. ofkthe pile warps.inaccordance with apattern which-will produceadesirable. eifect on thepile.

A further purpose is to distribute the stufier warp in a ice velvetweave from a raised position above the top of the shed, suitably over aguide or raised jumbo.

A further purpose is .to manipulate pile warps by pile Warp heddles andto manipulate the stuiier warp by the same heddles, desirably employinglong slots in the pile warp heddles to manipulate the stutter warps.

A further purpose is to make eyes and long slots below the eyes in thepile warp heddles.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.

In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerousembodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shownfrom the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactoryoperation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figures 1 to 4 inclusive are weave diagrams of a complete loom cycle,each view showing a different pick in the preferred weave of theinvention, the warps extending in the plane of the paper.

Figure 3a is a diagrammatic enlargement of the newly formed fabric ofFigure 3, at the extreme right end of Figure 3.

.Figure 4ais a diagrammatic enlargement of the newly formed fabric .ofFigure 4, at the extreme right end of Figure 4.

Figure 5 is 'a diagram corresponding to Figure l and showing avariation.

Figure 6 is a loom thread-in diagram of the weave of Figures 1 to 5inclusive, illustrating only the warps and heddles.

Figure 7 is a modified loom thread-in diagram similar to Figure 6.

Figures 8 to 12 inclusive are fragmentary perspectives of repeats ofvarious wire sets used in producing the weaves of Figures 8a to l2ainclusive, each wire set being placed beside ,the corresponding weave toindicate the relationship. 'It will be understood that the complete wireset of the loom is arepetition of the wire set repeat shown in Figures 8to 12, up to the total number of wires used.

Figures 8a to 126: are conventional weave diagrams with the warps in theplane of thepaper, and transverse to the wires and wefts, showingvarious weaves prior to Withdrawal of the wires.

Figures 13 "to 15 inclusive, are thread-in diagrams illustrating in eachcase at the left the thread-in pattern at the particular dentunderconsideration, and showing diagrammatically at the right the eiiectofthat thread-in pattern on the pile projections at or adjoining thatdent.

Figure 'l6,is a thread-in chart showing in vertical columns thesituation in eight different dents, showing in the top horizontal columnthe conventional thread-in diagram for each dent, and suggesting in thelower horizontal columns the conditions created in the respective warpsat diiferent weft positions in the various dents. In the relationshipbetween one pile projection and another, Figure '16 may be regarded as aplan view, but in the showing of thepile projections it is purelydiagrammatic.

Figure 17 is a thread-in diagram showing in horizontal rowsIO-dififerentthread-in patterns, and showing in vertical columnsthe-thread-in repeats of various adjoining dents.

Figures 18, l9' and 20 are top plan views of portions of a blanket wovenwith thread-in patterns numbers 1 to*8 of Figure 17,- :using .variouswire sets as described in the'specification. These views'show the faceof the carpet in accordance .with -.one :aspect of, the invention.

Figure 21 is a bottom planview 10f the blanket of Figures 18 to '20inclusive.

Figures 22, 23 and 24 .are tthread-in -.diagrams illustratingtat..the.leftthe thread-inpattern andat the right the conditions producedat a particular dent, viewed in weave diagrams in which the warps are inthe plane of the paper.

Figures 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are diagrammatic top plan views of pilecarpets, useful in explaining the invention. Figures 24a and 24d areillustrations of the prior art.

Figures 25, 26 and 27 are fragmentary perspective views of a velvet loomwhich has been modified in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 28 is a fragmentary elevation of a pile heddle wire of thecharacter employed in the loom of Figures to 27 and in the weave ofFigures 1 to 4 inclusive.

Figure 29 is an elevation, largely diagrammatic, of a heddle harnesswhich may be employed in the modified loom of the invention,illustrating one of the modified heddle cams.

Figure 30 is a diagram showing the active faces of all of the heddlecams in front elevation.

In the drawings like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

In the prior art where it is desired to obtain a pattern withoutprinting or without dyeing certain different lengths of the same yarndifferent colors, it is usual to employ a jacquard or other selectivepattern mechanism. This is expensive not only because of the equipmentrequired. but particularly because comparatively expensive pile yarnmust be carried in the back of the fabric at points where it is notcalled for by the pattern, thus greatly increasing the consumption offace yarn. Also the jacquard mechanism is comparatively complicatedcompared to the simple harness cams employed in the present invention.Furthermore, the practical speed in jacquard weaving is only about halfthe speed which can be attained in the present process. Many of theprior weaves also involve the objectionable feature of producing acomparatively unattractive back of the fabric, since the pile yarncarried in the back is likely to show through the back and by virtue ofits presence creates some non-uniformity in the back of the fabric.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to obtainattractive pattern effects on a velvet loom without resorting toprinting, or to supplement the effects obtained by printing, withgreatly reduced expense over usual selective pattern weaves. At the sametime a uniform attractive back of the fabric is secured.

When reference is made herein to velvet carpet, it is intended toinclude tapestry carpet.

In accordance with the present invention, a pattern pile carpet isobtained on the velvet loom using a plurality of pile warps, with astuifer warp, binder warps and wefts, without employing a jacquard. Theweave may desirably produce a plurality of different kinds of velvetcarpet in admixture to secure various pattern effects in the samefabric. For example the pile at various points may be cut or uncut, wavyor straight, high or low, plain twist or frieze, it may have one or avariety of different colors, and it may have a selective tendency tocrowd or yield in a particular direction to contribute to the patterneffect.

The back of the fabric is entirely smooth, even and clean, since theface yarn is kept entirely at the face and does not travel through theback as in other usual carpet weaves, and does not pass under the backwefts as in the weaves according to U. S. Patent No. 2,073,227. Thisgreatly decreases the cost of producing the fabric of the invention,there being no waste of face yarn in the fabric construction, such as ispresent in the reverse bends of the W weave, or by carrying the faceyarn under the stuifer warp as in the familiar selective pattern weaves.

A wide variety of dilferent wires can be employed as later explained.For example, some wires can be straight and others can be wavy, somewires can be high and others can be low, some wires can be wide andothers can be narrow, and some wires can be cutting and othersnon-cutting. Any combination of different characters of pile yarn can beused, varying in twist (plain twist or frieze), ply, composition (wool,rayon, etc.) and color.

The invention is not limited to employment of two different pile warps,any desired number of pile warps being employed, and two pile warpsmerely being illustrative of the fact that several can be employed.While these pile warps will usually be taken from different beams, wherethe take-up is equal and especially where the thread-in procedurepermits, both pile warps can be taken from the same beam, separated bywhip rolls before Weaving. When reference is made herein to a whip roll,it is intended to include such mechanism, whether or not it may bedesignated as a jumbo because of its use on a particular warp.

The fact that the face yarn does not pass under the stuifer warps makesadditional room available without thickening the back of the fabric andthis can to advantage be used to stifien the fabric by employingadditional stuffer warp ends at each dent.

A wide variety of different thread-in procedures can be employed to givepattern effects. This aspect of the invention can be employed toadvantage even where only one pile warp is being used.

The thread-in may vary in different dents, in the number of pile endsper dent, in the employment of ends-out or blank dents, in thecooperative relationship between an end-in or a plurality of ends-in oran end-out in one pile warp with the end-in or plurality of ends-in orend-out in the corresponding dent of the other pile warp or warps, andin the relation of the concentration of pile in each dent with theconcentration of pile in adjoining dents and series of dents. Thus, asexplained herein, patterns can be designed for a thread-in pile whichwill give distinctive effects on the appearance of the fabric whollyindependently of such factors as the character of the wire and thecharacter of the yarn.

It will be understood, of course, that combinations of differences inthe character of the yarn of the various pile warps, differences in thecharacter of the wires and differences in the thread-in can be employedto produce pattern effects which could not be accomplished bydifferences in one or two of these factors alone.

It is very desirable to accomplish the weave of the invention withoutincreasing the number of heddles normally used on a velvet loom, andthis can be done, as explained below, by utilizing the pile warp heddlescooperatively to function as a stuifer warp heddle, distributing thestuffer warp in a downward direction toward the shed, as from a raisedguide roll. It will be understood that the guide roll can also functionas a whip roll (or jumbo) in which case the use of another whip rollwill be unnecessary. The heddle wires of the pile warp heddles aredesirably equipped with eyes for the pile warps and also long slotsbelow the eyes for the stuffer warp. It will be evident as laterexplained that the stutfer warp can also be manipulated by a separateheddle.

The invention results in production of a velvet patterned carpet havinginterwoven binder warps, stuifer warp and front and back wefts, a firstpile warp under a succession of first front Wefts and all of whose firstpile ends rise in the pile immediately between each first front weft andthe adjoining front wefts on either side of the first front wefts, and asecond pile warp under a succession of second front wefts, all of whosesecond pile ends rise in the pile immediately between each second frontweft and the adjoining front wefts on either side of the second frontwefts, the pile warp ends being entirely above the back weft and abovethe stuffer warp ends.

Describing the examples in illustration but not in limitation andreferring to the drawings:

Figures 1, 2, 3, 3a, 4 and 4a, illustrate diagrammatically, with thewarps extending in the plane of the paper, the preferred embodiment ofthe weave of the present invention, each of Figures 1 to 4 illustratinga successive step or pick of the cycle.

